Neuromodulation replaces repair on durability grounds
Direct overlapping sphincteroplasty holds continence in 38% of patients at ten years, because repaired muscle and its damaged nerve supply both deteriorate over time regardless of technical quality. Sacral neuromodulation modulates the reflex arc instead of rebuilding muscle, and a test stimulation period lets clinicians confirm response before committing an implant, with 72% proceeding. The segment compounds at 11.4% against 7.6% for the market. Reimbursement availability rather than clinical preference determines where the substitution has actually happened so far. Direct repair persists everywhere coverage does not, which is most of the world.
Market Impact: Recognises only 36% at delivery








